Shipping Methods Not Displaying Correctly

Updated message :

I’m experiencing issues with my WooCommerce store, specifically with shipping and payment methods not displaying correctly at checkout. Despite setting up shipping zones and methods for all relevant regions, the shipping field remains blank, and I’m seeing the following error message for payments:
“Sorry, it seems that there are no available payment methods.”

Details of My Setup:
Shipping Zones:

All regions, including Albania, are configured correctly with specific shipping methods assigned.
Debug mode for shipping shows no errors, and all products have weights, dimensions, and shipping enabled.
Payment Methods:

Payment gateways (e.g., PayPal, Stripe) are configured and enabled for all zones.
Debugging logs for payment gateways show no errors, and the currency matches the supported currencies for the gateways.
Despite this, payment methods are not appearing at checkout.
Caching and Optimisation:

Caching plugins and optimisation features have been disabled, and checkout pages have been excluded from caching.
Plugins and Themes:

I’ve disabled all non-essential plugins and switched to the Storefront theme, but the issue persists.
Customisation Tools:

I use Customily for product personalisation. I have tested checkout functionality with it disabled, but the issue remains unresolved.
Additional Information:
I’ve reviewed the WooCommerce system status to ensure that PHP is updated (7.4+), there are no outdated templates, and all database tables are functioning correctly.

Could you please advise on how to resolve this? I’d be happy to provide any further information or screenshots if needed.

Thank you for your assistance!

Best regards,