Hello,

If you want to display your categories like the screenshot you shared. You have to use Product Categories theme element using Wp-Bakery page builder.

Screenshot for clarification: https://jmp.sh/Z0nNSwD

Result:: https://jmp.sh/q4kys4K
Result in mobile: https://jmp.sh/oaMGl4D

We did not have to write extra code to make it work as it already works as expected.

Best Regards.