Hi morangabeavon,
Thanks for reaching to us.
Please install the free Classic widget plugin if you have not done that yet.
Then try to regenerate Regenerate the product attributes lookup table
in Woocommerce > Status > Tools https://take.ms/LGpvf
In addition, please check Woocommerce > Settings > Product tab > Advanced tab and disable Use the product attributes lookup table for catalog filtering
.
You need to add the widgets to the Shop page widget area: https://xtemos.com/docs-topic/widgets-and-sidebars/
As soon as you create the categories and attributes they would be reflected in the list of the widget.
Best Regards.